What causes a vaginal rash? Symptoms & treatment
Itching, burning, and redness caused by a rash can be uncomfortable anywhere on the body, but it can be especially concerning when it occurs in or around the vagina. Vaginal rash is relatively common, and the underlying cause is often not serious. However, it can be difficult to determine what is triggering the rash, and in certain cases, further testing or treatment may be necessary. Curious about the different causes of vaginal rash and how to treat them? Read on to learn more.
Table of Contents
- Symptoms of a Vaginal Rash
- Causes of Vaginal Rash
- Vaginal Rash Caused by STIs
- When Should You See a Doctor?
- How Can a Vaginal Rash Be Treated?
Symptoms of a vaginal rash
Common symptoms of a vaginal rash include:
- Itching, burning, or irritation
- Redness or swelling
- Skin discoloration
- Bumps, lesions, or sores
- Patches of thickened skin
- Pain during urination or sex
- Changes in vaginal discharge
- Pain in the pelvic area
Causes of vaginal rash
Various skin conditions and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause a vaginal rash. Regardless of the cause, a rash around the vagina can be annoying, uncomfortable, or concerning, and identifying the source is key to quick relief. If you have a vaginal rash and are unsure of the cause, you should make an appointment with your doctor.
Vaginal rash caused by eczema
Eczema is a skin condition that leads to dry, itchy, flaky, and inflamed skin. In women, this condition can also affect the vaginal area. If you have eczema in the genital region, talk to your doctor about which products you should use. Special moisturizers or topical steroids can be prescribed for the area (National Eczema Society, 2021). Avoiding tight clothing and wearing cotton underwear can also help prevent irritation.
Vaginal rash caused by lichen sclerosus
Lichen sclerosus is a non-contagious skin condition that causes patchy, thin skin in the genital, breast, or upper arm area. This condition primarily affects postmenopausal women, women with autoimmune conditions, and sometimes men (Mayo Clinic, 2022). The cause of lichen sclerosus is not known, but it is believed to be a combination of genetics, an overactive immune system, and previous skin irritation. Some people have mild lichen sclerosus with few symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they usually affect the labia and anus, causing itching, burning, discoloration of the skin, or pain during sex. Lichen sclerosus is treatable with medicated ointments prescribed by a doctor. With treatment, symptoms usually improve or go away.
Vaginal rash caused by contact dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is a condition that causes itchy, inflamed, and painful skin. It can affect the skin around the opening of the vagina, known as the vulva. Vulvar dermatitis can be caused by heat, moisture, or products that irritate the skin, such as soaps, detergents, perfumes, or lotions (Cleveland Clinic, 2021). Contact dermatitis can often be treated by removing irritants and keeping the vulva clean and dry. Prescription ointments may also be used to help the area heal. To prevent further irritation, avoid sleeping in underwear, change your underwear if it becomes damp, and avoid wearing panty liners every day.
Vaginal rash caused by molluscum contagiosum
Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection transmitted through direct contact or via contaminated objects like clothing, towels, swimming gear, or toys (Huidziekten.nl, 2022). It causes raised, pearly white or pink round bumps anywhere on the body, including the genitals. These bumps may itch or swell, but they are usually painless. Molluscum contagiosum usually clears up on its own within a few months, but treatment can help remove the bumps more quickly. Treatment should be discussed with a doctor and may include physically removing the bumps, taking medication, or applying medication directly to the lesions (CDC, 2017).
Vaginal rash caused by neurodermatitis
Neurodermatitis is a skin condition that commonly occurs on the lower legs, neck, or wrists, but can also affect the genital area, including the vagina. Neurodermatitis often starts with skin irritation, such as an insect bite or tight clothing. Scratching the affected area intensifies the itch, eventually leading to thick, leathery skin. Neurodermatitis is typically treated with ointments and other remedies that help break the itch-scratch cycle that causes the symptoms (Mayo Clinic, 2022). A dermatologist can advise you on the best treatment for this condition.
Vaginal rash caused by candidiasis (yeast infection)
Candida is a fungus that lives on the skin and inside the body, usually without causing any problems. However, an overgrowth of candida can lead to uncomfortable symptoms, a condition known as candidiasis or a “yeast infection”. Candidiasis commonly affects the mouth, throat, and vagina. It often causes thick, white vaginal discharge, a red rash around the vagina, lower abdominal pain, and itching and burning in the area (Mayo Clinic, 2021). Pain and discomfort may increase during urination or sex. Vaginal candidiasis is extremely common and can be treated with antifungal medication in the form of capsules or creams. These treatments are often available at the pharmacy or can be prescribed by a GP.
Vaginal rash caused by STIs
Sexually transmitted infections such as syphilis and genital herpes can cause rashes, sores, or blisters around the vaginal area. The rash may or may not be painful and can be accompanied by changes in vaginal discharge. While syphilis can be cured with antibiotics, herpes is a lifelong condition that can be managed in various ways. You can find more information in our blog on herpes.
If you believe a rash or sores in your genital area might be caused by an STI, get tested as soon as possible. Want to get tested from home? Homed-IQ’s Comprehensive STI Test checks for 11 common STIs, including syphilis and herpes.
When should you see a doctor about a vaginal rash?
If you have a vaginal rash that does not go away after switching detergents or soap, you should see a doctor. A healthcare professional can identify the cause of your rash and order additional tests or treatments if necessary. Getting medical advice promptly can help relieve symptoms and prevent recurrence.
How can a vaginal rash be treated?
Vaginal rashes can be treated in different ways depending on the cause. While some rashes go away on their own or can be treated with home remedies, others require prescription medications. That’s why it’s important to consult a doctor to determine the right treatment.
If you believe the symptoms you’re experiencing could be from an STI, getting tested is the most reliable way to monitor your sexual health. STI tests are important not only for women but also for men. You can get tested for STIs at your GP, a sexual health clinic, or from the comfort of your home with Homed-IQ’s sexual health tests. All Homed-IQ tests are delivered in discreet packaging. After activating your test, collect your sample in complete privacy and send it to our certified laboratory using the prepaid shipping box. Once the lab has analyzed your sample, your test results will be available in your online account, along with a downloadable laboratory report you can take to your doctor.
